s Nigeria problem. Generally, if there is no peace and security, it is extremely difficult for businesses to survive. . Nigeria was the 33rd most corrupt country in 2013, mathematically. 8. 3. 3.2. emergency management in nigeria: history and current situation 52 3.3. emergency response organisations in nigeria 53 3.4. correlation between emergency management stakeholders in nigeria 59 3.5. government and law-making structure for disaster management in nigeria 61 3.5.1. the national disaster management framework (ndmf) in nigeria 63 3.6. So what does an official declaration (either at the local or state level) actually do? This is antithetical to the democratic culture which nigeria has practiced successfully and . In particular, the failure of the intelligence services to contain the recurring security breaches. Boko Haram kidnapped roughly 276 Chibok schoolgirls on the night of the 14th and 15th of April in 2014. This does not even take into account the country's . Despite these efforts, the level of insecurity in the country is still high. Beyond the external-internal dichotomy, sources of insecurity have also been classified as either remote or proximate and immediate sources/causal factors. As a result, the city declared a local state of emergency, advising residents to remain indoors, to stay off roads and sidewalks, and to stay away from rushing street waters and to avoid the Main Street bridge. The Socio-Economic Development-This factor is strongly considered as the major key to peace and security in Nigeria. U$vYL.w-*;-lA Nigeria ratified the Siracusa Principles. The judiciary ought to have, at this stage in our development, evolved time scales for cases. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels Insecurity everywhere is a risk factor that business owners and managers dread and wish to avoid by relocating their businesses elsewhere. Non-governing citizens are also judged guilty, even though they are supposed to be free of corruption. Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal capital territory.Each of the 36 states is a semi-autonomous political unit that shares powers with the federal government as enumerated under the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.The Federal Capital Territory (FCT), is the capital territory of Nigeria, and it is in this territory that the capital city of Abuja is located. ppt/slides/_rels/slide15.xml.rels Inequality: This is due to the governments and its agencies apparent favoring of people or regions belonging to one tribe over another. In Nigeria, election tampering is not uncommon. The renowned Security expert said that for the Government to tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. It must also be done on the basis of an objective assessment of the situation. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. The possibility of federal government taking over the affairs of the state explains why no state governor has ever requested the president to proclaim a state of emergency in their state. Being your own boss pays better than anything else. In the first case, before the state of emergency was declared on 24 March and a lockdown of parts of the capital city-province Kinshasa was imposed, President Felix Tshisekedi had announced, on 18 March, measures to restrict the movement of people, including banning public gatherings, closing schools, restricting travel and closing public . This perception stems from the perception of marginalization by a section of the people, government development policies, and political offices and this has become a primary source of disaffection and resentment. Finance Insecurity also increases security spending by business organizations. 13/05/2020. . To begin, the government should put in place policies that have already been developed, such as a gender policy that aspires to achieve gender equality. e. Land disputes, many of which have been dragging on for years, should be resolved as soon as possible to avoid further loss of life and property. It is heartbreaking to learn that the government, which was established to strengthen the country and combat corruption, is taking from its citizens. Veteran Nollywood actor, Richard Mofe-Damijo (RMD) has called on the President Muhammadu Buhari-led government to declare a state of emergency . Nigeria is the largest black nation in the world, with a current population estimated to be over 200 million. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. 1~LaRS\&i1PPABwcg6GMH\(>hN{K(wx{ PK ! The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most important indices of a countrys economic health. One of main advantages of emergency maintenance is that there is no initial planning involved so initial cost involved to maintain equipment before failure occurrence is safe. It is both a social and economic monster. They apply for employment but are not recruited due to a lack of qualifications. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Disadvantages of declaring a state of emergency If the President had declared a state of emergency in South Africa, there would have been a limitation on the citizens' rights. Furthermore, the country is not harnessing the latest technologies for productivity enhancements, as demonstrated by its low rates of ICT penetration. 019-V#2z`TFi*kgv1#TQ\R{GqZ~'tX"_3`Nei@'v\r(%G%rP]v="C?%0(f_p kbUG9(fTL1&_*"ry3g^CB?' PK ! Nigeria was rated fourth in the world with the most international war deaths in 2016, according to the Global Peace Index. However, good governance is a function of effective, visionary, transparent, trustworthy, and credible political leadership whose driving force is an improvement in the collective wellbeing of the citizens through well-conceived, effectively implemented economic policies and human development programs. The spread of illness is aided by improperly dumped waste. In turn, it minimizes loss. As name suggests, it is a serious and unexpected situation that is required to be immediately solved. As stated in the Nigerian constitution of 1999, basic and secondary education would be free. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. According to Chris Aluta, insecurity is defined as the state of fear or anxiety, stemming from a concrete or alleged lack of protection. It refers to a lack of or inadequate freedom from danger. Even though the country has been together for almost a century, it has failed to fully integrate. The formulation and effective implementation of policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria is crucial, especially with regard to poverty; unemployment, environmental degradation, injustice, corruption, porous borders, and small arms proliferation. According to studies, the most effective approach to terrorism is effective security and dialogue with terrorists to tackle issues related to the source of terrorism, and the government must prioritize the benefits of the people. The security challenges in Anambra State over the past weeks do not in any way qualify for the proclamation of a state of emergency. There is a strong skepticism that if the level of insecurity in our country is not scaled down, our vision to be among the best 20 countries of the world may be aborted. The president has the power to proclaim a state of emergency in any part of Nigeria by publishing the order in the official government gazette. The government officials tasked with combating corruption are unconcerned about what is expected of them. Factors hindering the development of Nigeria. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Attending school provides you with extra information, allowing you to become an educated tailor, baker, or shoemaker, for example. Therefore, efforts to tackle insecurity can only be effective if there is a robust combination of legislative and judicial interventions with government reforms that address some of the acute human security challenges confronting a vast majority of the population. Emergency maintenance is something that if failed equipment is not repaired immediately after failure, then it might cause greater damage, affects health, and results in production loss. Conflict of Perceptions between the Public and government Over the years, there has been a standing mismatch between public and government perceptions. :c7HN|g>c91I@sXdXr1}fr`6'sgJm1TixgLME5+ Education system: Students who attend tertiary education institutions are usually unemployed and depressed. So, it is a strong disincentive to business investment as it scares away potential investors. Consequently, Aluta posited more sustainable development initiatives regarding insecurity are needed in Nigeria and this is imperative, since security is central to development, and the national transformation agenda of the current administration may not be achieved if there is no solution to the menace of insecurity ravaging the country. The present ruling administration is not fulfilling its promises, and officials are more concerned with stuffing their wallets than with properly governing. In his view, security engagement cannot be separated from good governance. Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. The consistent pattern of post damage responses to national security has been attributed to the dearth of pre-emptive intelligence among security personnel. Terrorism: Terrorism is a major concern in Nigeria daily. x|J%H7rN`%_rGb@X\v0/t)'.C; th7_w'unVvjJ~ix 53qQmbI+>ocuj6XXj5Lkf`uAvlALk0/!8N>:F'8NpStl!~W,~_7,NgOfO{iT-jkxt-!(mCVx`o! VfpVA/7ev0=_0M)Lc On the upside, Nigeria benefits from its relatively large market size, which bears the potential for significant economics of scales; a relatively efficient labor market, driven by its flexibility, and a solid financial market following its gradual recovery. EiEWG is a coordination forum functioning within the principles and . 10. Lecturer, Political Science, Federal University Lafia. Blog - The Kano State Ministry of Health has announced the launch of the Kano State Action Plan for Health Security (KSAPHS), a comprehensive plan aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to . Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. Especially for all of the promises they made on education. But no matter what, one has to plan to overcome such emergency situations. Those who advocate for one tribes supremacy over others should be warned and potentially sanctioned. By. The EiEWG Nigeria is chaired by the Federal Ministry of Education or by the State Ministry of Education (And SUBEBs) at the state levels and co-chaired by UNICEF and Save the Children International. Below are 10 causes of insurgencies in Nigeria. Malpractices and a lack of preparation Test malpractices have been identified by education experts, with poor examination preparation by pupils being another setback in the educational system. Elimination of Corruption and Entrenchment of Social Justice Corruption is viewed by everybody as the cog in the Nigerian wheel of progress and development. There. In Nigeria, cases that bother on corruption and insecurity have most often been compromised. Buhari declared winner of Nigeria's Presidential Elections. The underlying principle of good governance is the focus on people as the ultimate objective of governance. Problems hindering the economy development of Nigeria. Graduates are usually required to live with their parents for lengthy periods, which can lead to discontent and pessimism. Social Media Anxiety Disorder is another disadvantage of social media. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is usually investment targeted at building new factories or investing in actual production activities which create jobs. FILE - A woman carries a placard as she shouts a slogan during a "Walk Against Rape" march in Lagos, Nigeria, Oct. 5, 2011. Graduates frequently have to stay in their parents houses for an extended period, leading to dissatisfaction and pessimism. An inter-agency assessment mission fielded in Nigeria in May 2014 showed that between 2013 and 2014, in six states affected by the crisis (Adamawa, Borno, Bauchi, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe) the number of IDPs had . There should be an institutionalized approach rather than the episodic and reactive response adopted by the government in the aftermath of attacks. Rural/Urban Drift The migration of jobless youths from rural areas to urban centers is also one of the causes of insecurity in Nigeria. In addition, the security situation remains serious in Nigeria. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . National security cannot be invoked as a reason for imposing limitations to prevent merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. The civil war can easily be traced back . With the lingering security challenges and the inability of the security apparatus of the government to guarantee safety and security in the country, the question that borders everyone in Nigeria today is can there be security? Is the security of lives and properties achievable? Lack of institutional capacity resulting in government failure described as the corrosion or breakdown of institutional infrastructures. Those caught up in the conflict have experienced brutal violence, lost family, friends and homes, lived with acute and sustained levels of stress in poor conditions, seen their communities torn apart and had little or no access to life-saving services such as health and education. Recommended: Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. A State of Emergency Proclamation Enacted to Avert the Threat Against National Existence and Sovereignty: Whereas, it is the government's legal duty and moral responsibility to safeguard the existence and sovereignty of the nation from internal and external enemies; Infrastructure: Following other issues such as Boko Haram, infrastructure may appear to be a minor concern, but how can a country advance without a steady power supply? The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. The essence of this provision is to enable the president to . Even though on face value, this will seem to be a positive development, I have reason to be cautious and fearful of another political disaster in the SW. For example, a person can be too high of a risk to be desirable to standard insurance providers. ppt/slides/_rels/slide11.xml.rels Aluta pointed out that it is necessary to distinguish between different causes as each may require a different remedy. That this report is coming from a Nigerian saddens my heart. He opined that government at all levels has not done enough by not confronting frontally the situation head-on and dealing with it decisively, others have argued that the situation has a political undertone or inclination calculated to serve the interest of certain political gods, who have been dissatisfied and disgruntled about the political manifestations in the country. Members of the Niger-Delta militants have reintroduced the use of weaponry in expressing their grievances. Across the country, groups have emerged to compete for control of resources located on their land. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. The isolated cases of arson, killings and destruction of public and private properties do not threaten the survival or national security of Nigeria. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Lack of skilled personnels: Brain drain has become a common phenomenon today, as our highly skilled professionals are now relocating to countries where there are quality infrastructures to work, great standard of living, and a good pay to match. The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 as amended empowers the country's President in section 305 to declare a State Emergency in the whole country or any part thereof if the country is involved in any crisis situation caused by either human beings or natural phenomena such as earthquake, floods, erosion etc. It could also result in the loss of capital through the burning of business buildings and properties. Much of this was a result of the fact that " at least 200 New Orleans police officers have walked away from . I what to know the genesis of thi This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. It is the cause of inequality and inequitable distribution of the nations wealth among its citizens, a situation that is the root cause of disaffection among Nigerians. In addition, Nigeria has consistently ranked low in the Global Peace Index (GPI, 2012), signifying a worsened state of insecurity in the country. Nigeria is estimated to host over 70 percent of about 8 million illegal weapons in West Africa. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. Several roads were closed due to the flooding. Nice one! It is safe, secure, and can not . Nigeria reported the country's . Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan has declared a state of emergency in three states after a series of deadly attacks by Islamist militant groups. The Nigeria insecurity situation can, and in many cases, actually halted business operations during the periods of violence and also caused the outright closure of many enterprises especially in the areas or zones where incidences of insecurity are rife and are on a daily occurrence, in a bid to protect lives of operators and business property. A state of emergency is not an aberration. This is because such environments or economies are considered high-risk zones due to the high level of uncertainty about the safety of investment and the lives of the managers and their staff. Oil spills deplete soil microorganisms and nutrients, which impacts Delta fishing and farming communities as well as the broader economy. Insecurity limits market availability. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. I. The powers to declare a state of emergency is contained in section 305 of the 1999 constitution (as amended). Nigerians and foreign watchdog groups describe accounts of candidates using thugs to steal ballot boxes and threaten voters during elections. Threats likely to cause a declaration of the state of emergency include armed action against the state (such as a coup d'etat), financial crisis, epidemics, natural disasters, or external attacks. The following are some advantages of statelessness: As the server does not need to manage any session, deploying the services to any number of servers is possible, and so scalability will never be a problem; No states equals less complexity; no session (state) synchronize logic to handle at the . 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