Iur. 63: PL 16, 1218. This dogmatic constitution was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on 21 November 1964, following approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5. Lumen Gentium: Dogmatic Constitution on the Church by Second Vatican Council. The Lord Jesus, the divine Teacher and Model of all perfection, preached holiness of life to each and everyone of His disciples of every condition. Constantinopolitanum II, ib. 2 et 3: PG 96, 721-761, speciatim col. 728 B. And lastly, by the example of their way of life they must be an influence for good to those over whom they preside, refraining from all evil and, as far as they are able with God's help, exchanging evil for good, so that together with the flock committed to their care they may arrive at eternal life.(57*). (65) He continually distributes in His body, that is, in the Church, gifts of ministries in which, by His own power, we serve each other unto salvation so that, carrying out the truth in love, we might through all things grow unto Him who is our Head. Associated with their bishop in a spirit of trust and generosity, they make him present in a certain sense in the individual local congregations, and take upon themselves, as far as they are able, his duties and the burden of his care, and discharge them with a daily interest. Conc. (58) Giving the body unity through Himself and through His power and inner joining of the members, this same Spirit produces and urges love among the believers. It was the last and longest published document from the council and is the first constitution published by an ecumenical council to address the entire world. II-II, q. Predestined from eternity by that decree of divine providence which determined the incarnation of the Word to be the Mother of God, the Blessed Virgin was on this earth the virgin Mother of the Redeemer, and above all others and in a singular way the generous associate and humble handmaid of the Lord. (1) Cfr. IV. It has so often been said, wrote Fr. 28:16-20; Mk. (54*) For "the partaking of the body and blood of Christ does nothing other than make us be transformed into that which we consume". Encycl Mystici Corporis, 29 iun. Conc. 117:22. (21) The Miracles of Jesus also confirm that the Kingdom has already arrived on earth: "If I cast out devils by the finger of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you". Origenes, Comm. (18) S. Ambrosius, Expos. Indeed through Baptism a person dies to sin and is consecrated to God. 236-237. Encycl. Fulgens corona, 8 sept. 1953: AAS 45 (1953) pp. : PL S4, 7S9. Casti Connubii, 31 dec. 1930: AAS 22 (1930) p. 548. Cod. Let them strive to reconcile the two, remembering that in every temporal affair they must be guided by a Christian conscience, since even in secular business there is no human activity which can be withdrawn from God's dominion. Iur. Mystici Corporis Christi is a papal encyclical issued by Pope Pius XII on June 29, 1943, during World War II, which affirms that the Church is the Mystical Body of Christ. S. Hilarius, In Ps. 61, 3: ed. (6*) Among those various ministries which, according to tradition, were exercised in the Church from the earliest times, the chief place belongs to the office of those who, appointed to the episcopate, by a succession running from the beginning,(7*) are passers-on of the apostolic seed. 1896: ASS 28 (1895-96) p. 738. 36. Primasius, Comm. pp. And it is intimated also in the practice, introduced in ancient times, of summoning several bishops to take part in the elevation of the newly elected to the ministry of the high priesthood. (287) Thus Mary, a daughter of Adam, consenting to the divine Word, became the mother of Jesus, the one and only Mediator. (104) Everywhere on earth they must bear witness to Christ and give an answer to those who seek an account of that hope of eternal life which is in them.(105). 98 (215): Presbyteri, licet secundi sint sa erdotcs, pontificatus tamen api em non habent.. S. Cyprianus, Epist. Thus it is evident to everyone, that all the faithful of Christ of whatever rank or status, are called to the fullness of the Christian life and to the perfection of charity;(4*) by this holiness as such a more human manner of living is promoted in this earthly society. Id., Lin. When the work which the Father gave the Son to do on earth (9) was accomplished, the Holy Spirit was sent on the day of Pentecost in order that He might continually sanctify the Church, and thus, all those who believe would have access through Christ in one Spirit to the Father. Satis cognitium, 29 iun. 371: Mansi 3, 954. 5, 19-20; 7, 21-22; 25 41-46; Iac., 2, 14. 3: Mansi 10, 1151. 152-153. (15) De spirituali paupertate et oboedientia testimonia praccipua S.Scripturae et Patrum afferuntur in Relatione pp. S. Petrus Canisius, Catechismus Maior seu Summa Doctrinae christianae, cap. - S. Pius X, Litt. They should raise all of society, and even creation itself, to a better mode of existence. Cf. The counsels are a divine gift, which the Church received from its Lord and which it always safeguards with the help of His grace. The College, which does not exist without the head, is said "to exist also as the subject of supreme and full power in the universal Church." 62. Just as the sacraments of the New Law, by which the life and the apostolate of the faithful are nourished, prefigure a new heaven and a new earth,(204) so too the laity go forth as powerful proclaimers of a faith in things to be hoped for,(205) when they courageously join to their profession of faith a life springing from faith. The phrase "with the consent of its head" is used to avoid the idea of dependence on some kind of outsider; the term "consent" suggests rather communion between the head and the members, and implies the need for an act which belongs properly to the competence of the head. "(23*) On the other hand, let them teach the faithful that our communion with those in heaven, provided that it is understood in the fuller light of faith according to its genuine nature, in no way weakens, but conversely, more thoroughly enriches the latreutic worship we give to God the Father, through Christ, in the Spirit. XV, 21 ct 24: ed. (235)(16*), 43. (30) Cfr. I Orient., c. 216-314: de Patriarchis; c. 324-399: de Archiepiscopis I maioribus; c. 362-391: de aliis dignitariis; in specie, c. 238 3; 216; 240; 251; 255: de Episcopis a Patriarch nominandis. Without hierarchical communion the ontologico-sacramental function [munus], which is to be distinguished from the juridico-canonical aspect, cannot be exercised. 3. All the laity as a community and each one according to his ability must nourish the world with spiritual fruits. May the goods of this world be more equitably distributed among all men, and may they in their own way be conducive to universal progress in human and Christian freedom. 62, a. All men are called to this union with Christ, who is the light of the world, from whom we go forth, through whom we live, and toward whom our whole life strains. (16*) They also share with us in prayer and other spiritual benefits. The Church's role in all of this is first and foremost to be the gateway through which every person and all of human society receives life in Christ. In the first place amongst these there are the Muslims, who, professing to hold the faith of Abraham, along with us adore the one and merciful God, who on the last day will judge mankind. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. In other words, the College is not always "fully active [in actu pleno]"; rather, it acts as a college in the strict sense only from time to time and only with the consent of its head. Encycl. Leo XIII, Epist. It does all it can to relieve their need and in them it strives to serve Christ. (63) On earth, still as pilgrims in a strange land, tracing in trial and in oppression the paths He trod, we are made one with His sufferings like the body is one with the Head, suffering with Him, that with Him we may be glorified. Funk, I, p. 252. (1) Missale Romanum, Gloria in excelsis. (54) Cfr. 966 (1776). Act. Thus, the Church, although it needs human resources to carry out its mission, is not set up to seek earthly glory, but to proclaim, even by its own example, humility and self-sacrifice. Mc lc. (72), 8. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 221 ss. III, 22, 4: PG 7, 9S9 A; Harvey, 2, 123. However, until there shall be new heavens and a new earth in which justice dwells,(243) the pilgrim Church in her sacraments and institutions, which pertain to this present time, has the appearance of this world which is passing and she herself dwells among creatures who groan and travail in pain until now and await the revelation of the sons of God.(244). 3, a. (10) Cfr. 165 (353). 3-16; Download Chapter 2: The Fate of Collegiality in the Postconciliar Church; pp. 38, 25-26: PL 14, 105 1-52: CSEL 64, 203- 204. dogm. de I reform., Sess. Cfr. It knows it through unfailing experience of it and commends it to the hearts of the faithful, so that encouraged by this maternal help they may the more intimately adhere to the Mediator and Redeemer. (7) Cfr. 23, sacr. It is evident that this "communion" was applied in the Church's life according to the circumstances of the time, before it was codified as law. Encycl. 14, 37: PL 45, 1015 s.: Non tantum continenti Dei donum est, sed coniugatorum etiam castitas. III, q. Finally it clearly shows all men both the unsurpassed breadth of the strength of Christ the King and the infinite power of the Holy Spirit marvelously working in the Church. In the first place, the shepherds of Christ's flock must holily and eagerly, humbly and courageously carry out their ministry, in imitation of the eternal high Priest, the Shepherd and Guardian of our souls. The Commission has decided to preface the assessment of the Modi with the following general observations. Despite the great changes that Vatican II brought to the Church, few people grasp the council's teachings, or are aware of the debates that have taken place in the past four decades regarding the council's authentic reception and implementation To respond to this pressing pastoral reality, distinguished theologian and professor Richard R. Gaillardetz focuses on three of the council's documents . Magisterial Documents: Lumen Gentium 8 Dogmatic Constitution on the Church November 21, 1964. Conc. Placed by the grace of God, as God's Mother, next to her Son, and exalted above all angels and men, Mary intervened in the mysteries of Christ and is justly honored by a special cult in the Church. But often men, deceived by the Evil One, have become vain in their reasonings and have exchanged the truth of God for a lie, serving the creature rather than the Creator. Origenes, In Matth. 3:16; 6:19) guiding the Church in the way of all truth (cf. 1821 (3050 s.). Mediator Dei, 1. c., sub. However, it is not understood as some kind of vague disposition, but as an organic reality which requires a juridical form and is animated by charity. (76) This Church constituted and organized in the world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, which is governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him,(13*) although many elements of sanctification and of truth are found outside of its visible structure. Lumen Gentium - The Light of Nations. 69. S. Io Chrysostomus, In Ephes. (22*) But it exhorts theologians and preachers of the divine word to abstain zealously both from all gross exaggerations as well as from petty narrow-mindedness in considering the singular dignity of the Mother of God. It seeks and experiences those things which are above, where Christ is seated at the right-hand of God, where the life of the Church is hidden with Christ in God until it appears in glory with its Spouse.(49). (150) He incorporates new members in His Body by a heavenly regeneration, and finally by their wisdom and prudence He directs and guides the People of the New Testament in their pilgrimage toward eternal happiness. affirms this theory, teaching that the Church is more than a human institution or a political structure, but is a mystical, spiritual reality - the MBOC is made up of all of the baptized faithful who are joined in spirit with Christ the Head. Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related in various ways to the people of God. 61, 2: PL 35, 1800, et alibi saepe. In the bishops, therefore, for whom priests are assistants, Our Lord Jesus Christ, the Supreme High Priest, is present in the midst of those who believe. Gaudium et spes (Ecclesiastical Latin: [audi.um et spes], "Joy and Hope"), the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, is one of the four constitutions resulting from the Second Vatican Council in 1965. (52) Really partaking of the body of the Lord in the breaking of the Eucharistic bread, we are taken up into communion with Him and with one another. Chrysostomus, In Ps. Vat. 20-21. M., Philad., Praef. (167) In them the faithful are gathered together by the preaching of the Gospel of Christ, and the mystery of the Lord's Supper is celebrated, that by the food and blood of the Lord's body the whole brotherhood may be joined together. Encycl. M., Philad. Funk, I, p. 300: Christus dicitur . (14) Cfr. S. Irenaeus, Adv. I: Mansi S2,1 109 C. (28) Cfr. 96 Neh. The parallel between Peter and the rest of the Apostles on the one hand, and between the Supreme Pontiff and the bishops on the other hand, does not imply the transmission of the Apostles' extraordinary power to their successors; nor does it imply, as is obvious, equality between the head of the College and its members, but only a proportionality between the first relationship (Peter-Apostles) and the second (Pope-bishops). It is through the sacraments and the exercise of the virtues that the sacred nature and organic structure of the priestly community is brought into operation. It commends them to God, imparts a spiritual blessing on them and accompanies their self-offering by the Eucharistic sacrifice. 1943: AAS 35 (1943) pp. IV, Const. Pius XII, Litt. Six ans se sont ecoules, 5 oct. l9S7: AAS 49 (19S7) p. 927. Taken up to heaven she did not lay aside this salvific duty, but by her constant intercession continued to bring us the gifts of eternal salvation. These actions consist in the use of the sacraments and in a special way the Eucharist, frequent participation in the sacred action of the Liturgy, application of oneself to prayer, self-abnegation, lively fraternal service and the constant exercise of all the virtues. Chrysostomus n Eph. . Cfr. Ioannes XXIII, Alloc. 55. 49. (17*) Mother Church never ceases to pray, hope and work that this may come about. Deiparae: PG 98, 328 A; In Dorm. 2, 4: PG 62, 612: Saccrdos est symbolon . They are, by reason of the knowledge, competence or outstanding ability which they may enjoy, permitted and sometimes even obliged to express their opinion on those things which concern the good of the Church (7*). (180) For the sick and the sinners among the faithful, they exercise the ministry of alleviation and reconciliation and they present the needs and the prayers of the faithful to God the Father. The laity should, as all Christians, promptly accept in Christian obedience decisions of their spiritual shepherds, since they are representatives of Christ as well as teachers and rulers in the Church. Encycl. (101) The baptized, by regeneration and the anointing of the Holy Spirit, are consecrated as a spiritual house and a holy priesthood, in order that through all those works which are those of the Christian man they may offer spiritual sacrifices and proclaim the power of Him who has called them out of darkness into His marvelous light. (64), From Him "the whole body, supplied and built up by joints and ligaments, attains a growth that is of God". Chrysostomus, De Virg. [1] Sanggunian[baguhin| baguhin ang wikitext] The religious state clearly manifests that the Kingdom of God and its needs, in a very special way, are raised above all earthly considerations. (26) S. Cyprianus, Epist. Priests, who resemble bishops to a certain degree in their participation of the sacrament of Orders, form the spiritual crown of the bishops. Indeed Christ, the Son of God, who with the Father and the Spirit is praised as "uniquely holy," (1*) loved the Church as His bride, delivering Himself up for her. (47*), 26. (45*) The Roman Pontiff and the bishops, in view of their office and the importance of the matter, by fitting means diligently strive to inquire properly into that revelation and to give apt expression to its contents;(46*) but a new public revelation they do not accept as pertaining to the divine deposit of faith. Quadragesimo anno 15 maii 1931: AAS 23 (1931) p. 121 s. Pius XII, Alloc. (7) Cfr. S. Ignatius M., Smyrn 8, 1: ed. They must assist each other to live holier lives even in their daily occupations. (290), 58. The heart of this document its teaching in chapter five that the call to holiness is not limited to any one state in life, but is indeed universal, embracing all baptized Christians. Thus by its example and its witness it accuses the world of sin and enlightens those who seek the truth. Funk, I, p. 154 s. (7) Cfr. de sacr. 1978 a (3370) . 10: PL 2, 925 C. S. Cyprianus, Hab. 3. Officii, De magne tismi abusu, 4 aug. 1856: AAS (1865) pp. This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic magisterium of the Roman Pontiff, even when he is not speaking ex cathedra; that is, it must be shown in such a way that his supreme magisterium is acknowledged with reverence, the judgments made by him are sincerely adhered to, according to his manifest mind and will. 7, 7: . They are justified in the Lord Jesus, because in the baptism of faith they truly become sons of God and sharers in the divine nature. Pastor aeternus. (163), The canonical mission of bishops can come about by legitimate customs that have not been revoked by the supreme and universal authority of the Church, or by laws made or recognized be that the authority, or directly through the successor of Peter himself; and if the latter refuses or denies apostolic communion, such bishops cannot assume any office.(38*). : in Prof. fidei Trid., 1. c. et Concl. Miserentissimus Redemptor, 8 maii 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 171 s. Pius XII Alloc. ier., 1, 2: PG 3, 372 D. (67) Cfr. Nor is God far distant from those who in shadows and images seek the unknown God, for it is He who gives to all men life and breath and all things,(127) and as Saviour wills that all men be saved. Immortale Dei, 1 nov. 188S: ASS 18 (188S) p. 166 ss. 8, a. II-II, q. For the nurturing and constant growth of the People of God, Christ the Lord instituted in His Church a variety of ministries, which work for the good of the whole body. S. Petrus Canisius, Catechismus Maior seu Summa Doctrinae christianae, cap 1896: ASS 28 1895-96! 4 aug. 1856: AAS 45 ( 1953 ) pp erdotcs, pontificatus tamen api em non habent s.. Assist each other to live holier lives even in their daily occupations se sont ecoules 5. Tantum continenti Dei donum est, sed coniugatorum etiam castitas and in them it to. 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