Barbara Kopple: Harlan County, USA; that was my first ever film that I did on my own. Which side are you on?. In the boldest example, we see a defiant Tony Boyle, president of United Mine Workers, sneering at his rivals in the late sixties before his indictment for bribery and murder; later, we see him, a shriveled figure in a wheelchair, being carried into the court for his trial in 1974, an event that took place after the Brookside strike was over. I started doing the during the time of Miners for Democracy. I've been watching Harlan County U.S.A, maybe the best documentary ever made about unions in the U.S. Pickets at times numbered as many as 200 at some sites, and top union officials visited the area periodically. The BWC had nearly 100 members. Stay up to date on politics, sports, local business, crime and community news. [Bloody] Harlan County was happening, so I went and stayed there for 13 months. Power Company of Charlotte N. C., contained these major points: Eastover agreed to sign the 1971 wage pact of the Bituminous Coal Operators Association which is in force at 1,200 mines. Arnold Miller won the Miners for Democracy and his first promise was to organize the unorganized.. <p>Mr. Miller attended a rally last Thursday after a parade in Harlan.The strikers received some of the highest strike benefits ever paid by the U.M.W.$80 a week for a single man, $90 for a couple and $100 for a family. Perhaps even Homer didnt get the siege of Troy historically right, but he found the key to plant that war story in our collective imaginations. Thats brain thats laying there. [6][7][8] The most violent attack by mine workers occurred on May 5, 1931 and became known as the Battle of Evarts. What are the physical state of oxygen at room temperature? Even when we didnt have film, we would still go to the picket line and pretend we had film in the camera. Barbara Kopple: The opening shot of Harlan County is going into the coal mines. Critics have noted how the film coheres to certain fictional patterns of Hollywood realism, echoing the 1954 labor drama Salt of the Earth, which Kopple showed to the miners during the strike. It was just like in the old days -- if the company kills a man, the company gets let off. Language may be the most overlooked strength ofHarlan County,USA: the flavour of the Appalachian speech of the miners and their wives. Although CWP may share many of the symptoms of emphysema and/or chronic bronchitis (which are also known as COPD), CWP is not COPD and is not treated like COPD. Violence continued against the workers and community. Todd Melby: What was the scariest moment for you? Which side are you on? That was the original. I'm one of them and I feel like I've got to be with them. Billy Carroll Bruner, 39, Evarts, was formally charged yesterday with murder by State Police in the death of Lawrence Dean Jones, 23, Verda. Bill Bruner. My Land Is Dying-- Harry Caudill 10. Along with opposing the UMWA union, Eastover management also wanted a 'no-strike' clause to be included in any final contract. Bill Bruner William Herbert Bruner, Jr., 82, of Owensboro, died January 6, 2021 at Norton Hospital in Louisville, KY. Eastover and Duke brought in replacement workers at the beginning of the strike. Although these miners today have no union, the mines of Harlan County have a storied history of grassroots labor militancy. The 1973 UMWA Convention in Pittsburgh was a celebration of workers democracy and workers power. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal industry skirmishes, executions, bombings and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. Organizer Garfield Lewis wrote, The people have been so starved out that they are flocking into the Union by the thousands . to an old Baptist hymn, 'Lay the Lily Low'. The question is back: Which Side Are You On?. This is based on the events in Harlan County, Ky. during the early 1970's strike. It is a striking contrast to the menacing atmosphere of only a day ago, when Harlan County was divided into heavily armed campsunion strikers on one side, nonunion company men and miners on the otherthat seemed ready at any time to open fire on one another. Dr. Harlan Bruner, MD . That's so sad. Where is the safest place to live in Kentucky? [4]:67 Florence Reece, wife of organizer Sam Reece, wrote the labor standard "Which Side Are You On?". Billy C. Bruner The mine owners have as little regard as ever for the lives of miners and their families. . Households with a computer, percent, 2017-2021. Dr. Harlan J. Bruner is a Neurosurgeon in Lawrenceville, GA. Find Dr. Bruner's phone number, address, insurance information and more. The strikers made bumper stickers supporting their cause and drove around the community in a truck with loudspeakers to explain their grievances and hopefully gain support. Accepting new patients. So you see what's happened to the union movement for coal miners. She talks about incidents of violence during the standoff. WASHINGTON, Aug. 29 (UPI) Striking mine workers and the Eastover Mining Company reached agreement today to end a 13month strike that had caused one death and economic hardship to the communities of Harlan County, Ky. Harlan County is well known in folk and country music, having produced many prominent musicians. 2 How long did the Harlan County strike last? The Harlan County coal miners campaigned and fought to . Bobby Simpson, 79, has been blind for more than a half-century, but still managed to shovel coal. The union agreed not to authorize a strike against Eastover between now and the time a new contract agreement is reached. As Basil Collins got out of his truck, you could hear the guns clicking, the safeties being taken off. The miners had guns and the strikebreakers had guns. Point of View Magazine392-401 Richmond Street West Toronto, ON M5V 3A8 Canada, Running in theatres March 2 - 5, @kingcanfilmfest. He was a tough character who had had a lot of suffering of his own, which I didnt know about being young and foolish. Still, the Wall Street bankers and East Coast industrialists who owned the vast seams of the Southern coalfields would not give up without a fight, and Harlan remained Bloody Harlan. Armed company guards and sheriffs deputies patrolled the steep mountains and narrow valleys of the Kentucky Appalachians. MEDICAL SCHOOL Columbia University Vagelos School of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. although I think he was mostly thinking of the assaults on character caused by an oppressive society like 1930s Germany rather than the assault on your character via the goodies you can buy if sell out. Bloody Harlan. Neurological Surgery Orthopedic Spine Surgery . Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. My parents really helped a lot. I think the meaning of this strike goes beyond a single contract at a single coal mine, Mr. Miller told a newsconference. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. It also features Lexington, Kentucky where the local U.S. Because the reels only recorded 10 minutes, were there times when you hesitated to turn on the camera because, Oh my God, this is costing us.. A seventy-three-year-old Florence Reece attended and led a rousing, emotional rendition of Which Side Are You On?. Harlan miners started to organize in the 1920s, a struggle that culminated in a long and violent strike in 1931. Some women in the BWC stabbed a police officers after he had dragged one of them away from the picket line. HARLAN COUNTY, Ky. (WYMT) - 3/22/2022 Update: Officials with the Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet confirm to WYMT James Brown's body was found approximately three miles into the mine and . These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Harlan became one of the poorest counties in the United States. Probate records are held by the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Clerk of Court and are housed at the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Courthouse. The number of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown. Leave a review. It comes to a bill of about $20,000 a week for the national union. I had a purpose. #cats #GreyGardens #LittleEd. In the southern Appalachian fields stretching from West Virginia to Alabama, there was no union at all. No. Barbara Kopple: A 10-minute reel of 16-millimeter film. Barbara Kopple: Yes, and he would hire the scabs that would cross the picket line who were trying to break up having a union. Mr. Harlan County is in the 17th percentile for safety, meaning 83% of counties are safer and 17% of counties are more dangerous. Does Kopple go overboard in portraying the Appalachian proletariat as so socially progressive? But he didn't come home that night. Which side are you on? I went in front of him thinking I was so strong and invincible and you hear me get knocked over. Barbara Kopple: Yes, in the edit room. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. Buffy Sainte-Marie: Carry It On gives the iconic Cree singer her due. A police captain said that the shooting had occurred after Mr. Jones and Mr. Bruner exchanged some angry words. I had a purpose and I could ask questions and I felt okay. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Retrieved from: http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iyQqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=pEYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7123%2C1226450, Harlan County, KY, coal miners win affiliation with UMWA union, United States, 1973-1974, Opponent, Opponent Responses, and Violence, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International. It was perhaps the greatest union rebound ever. Walter Russell Mead is another. Nearly 30 percent of county residents live in poverty, and most households earn less than $30,000 a year. Ted is the miner/husband/father Silas Kincaide and Holly is the wife/mom Ruby Kincaide. In 1932, only in anthracite country had the union held its own. How long did the Harlan County strike last? Boyle had Yablonski murdered. Jones, who died about 5:30 p.m. Wednesday, was allegedly shot by Bruner late last Saturday afternoon on Jones Creek at Verda . The scabs had guns and they came back across the bridge and they also had semi-automatic carbines with tracer bullets that just lit up the mountainside. Its a very supportive time now for documentaries, so dont be afraid; follow your instincts and go for it and dont let anyone stop you. Stellar Skarsgard plays Warren Jacopovich, UMWA organizer. Harlan Daily Enterprise (Newspaper) - May 5, 1972, Harlan, Kentucky\\ RIDAY, AAAY S, 1972 THE HARLAN DAILY ENTERPRISE PAGE SEVEN LEGAL NOTICE LEGAL NOTICE SHERIFF WALK OF . Barbara Kopple: Yes and know that if you are passionate enough about it, people will help you. More than 40 years have passed since the release of Harlan County,USA as long as the gap between the events of the film and the labour wars of the 1930s that gave it the name Bloody Harlan. In retrospect, its easy to mine for quibbles but harder to explain how well the film works on an emotional level, how precisely it moves the nerve endings and the tear ducts. Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct action occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train until the miners get paid the wages they are owed for digging it up. Subscribe to The Drunk Projectionist on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Barbara Kopple: I guess that day was the scariest moment because I went up to one of the organizers and said, Do you think theyre going to shoot at us today?. Martin County Victory photo after the miners of the Highsplint mine voted to join the UMWA. Women took over the picket lines. Title cards throughout Harlan County, U.S.A. report on what caused the strike and what happened during the struggle between coal operators and the United Mine Workers of America: "In the summer of 1973, the men at the Brookside Mine in Harlan, Kentucky[,] voted to join the United Mine Workers of America"; "Duke Power Company and its subsidiary, Eastover Mining Company[,] refused to sign the . written by Florence Reece in 1931 during strikes that earned the community the name 'Bloody Harlan.'. -A goddamn scab. Use of violence was never sanctioned nor forbidden by leadership. The Kentucky National Guard was called in. After nearly 16 hairs of negotiations, Mr. Usery announced at 4 A.M. that the two sides had reached agreement. Todd Melby: And then you decided to cut right from there to a shooting. Updated November 23, 2021 12:21 PM. Some good doc pro, @marriska.fernandes moderates the Q&A for VOICES O, Director Mike McKinlay talks PART OF THE PACK at #, Pamela Anderson with her son/ producer Brandon Lee, Happy #Caturday! Barbourville -- William "Ed" Bruner, 62, Hopper Funeral Home. On May 5, 1931 the pot boiled over; in Harlan County Kentucky, heavily armed deputies and company men, called "gun thugs" by miners, confronted disgruntled union men on a road near Evarts. At the peak of the first strike, 5,800 miners were idle and only 900 working. We were on this wonderful journey with these people who are so brave and so wonderful and opened up their hearts and their homes to us and fed us and took care of us and protected us. IN william F Whifinger Box 2*5. He treats each of his patients as if they are part of his family. The Global NonviolentAction Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationallicense unless otherwise noted. [4]:32 Only three of Harlan's incorporated towns were not owned by mines, hungry and evicted workers and their families sought refuge in them, primarily in the town of Evarts. Everybody had guns. My songs always goes to the underdog to the worker. Instead, scenes are connected by thematic association (black lung disease, primitive living conditions) or dramatic montage opportunities. Within 3 weeks a tentative deal had been reached between the UMW and the majority of mine owners. The 2000 television movie Harlan County War starred Holly Hunter. Here is an edited version of that conversation. He hired two drifters in a Cleveland bar, and on New Years Eve, they murdered Yablonksi, his wife, and his daughter in their beds. Horowitz is the worst (though I never read him in his leftist days--some people say he was always a creep). The main goal of the strike was the right of the workers to form a union as part of the UMWA. The SLU was largely seen as serving the interests of the mine owners rather than the workers. On July 1, Blackjewel LLC abruptly shut down its six Harlan mines, filed for bankruptcy, and sent the miners home without pay. Lastly, of course, is the gruesome slaying of striking miner Lawrence Jones by scab Bill Bruner. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. That made me think a lot too. I can't understand how people sell out so completely. [4]:128 While coal interests across the nation fell into step with the new legislation in 1935, Harlan was as resistant to federal meddling as it had ever been. Also, in retrospect, we know that the film crew, embedded with the miners, were a shield against worse violence, though that role is never reflected upon in the film. Eastover agreed to drop all charges against the striking miners in court and before the National Labor Relations Board. This led to a mostly nonviolent national campaign of strikes involving nearly 120,000 miners. Mr. Bruner was wounded . Miners and their families responded by occupying the railroad tracks to keep the still-loaded trains from carrying coal away till they were paid. Martin County, Kentucky Currently, Martin Countys population is one of the poorest in the United States. They had invited executives from Duke Power and Eastover Mining to meet with them, but they refused. [10] The Kentucky National Guard was once again called in on December 8, 1934, requested by UMW organizers who had been threatened by bosses and deputies. . What happened to Billy C Bruner? Todd Melby: If I remember correctly, one of the very close opening shots is the miner going into the coal mine on a horizontal conveyor belt. Somebody said, Arent you worried? She said, Im not worried if I shoot some of my breast or titty off because I have plenty of that!. Blair. In a region of Ku Klux Klan activity, we see an African-American miner, waiting with two white men for treatment for black lung disease, or pneumonoconiosis, joking about brotherhood in oppression: We done make every colour when we went in. The troops promptly escorted the union men to the county line. We would do it in Tennessee. Thats what a scab does to a person by God, when theyre not lookin. To plant trees in memory, please . "[12][13] He protected the miners despite the fact that a bomb had killed Harlan County Attorney Elmon Middleton several weeks earlier.[14]. Wow. [4]:47, In the wake of the UMW failure, the Communist National Miners Union (NMU) made a brief play for Harlan County. The . People who live in Harlan County generally consider the north part of the county to be the safest. Harlan Bruner, MD is a board-certified, fellowship-trained neurosurgeon at Advanced Neurosurgery Associates and is excited to serve the Gwinnett community. Billy Carroll Bruner, 39, a foreman at the Eastover mine, was wounded in . No one knows who fired the first shot but when it was over four were . The greatness lies in its enduring emotional power. However, there were no reports of any of the strikers using their guns during the strike. The film's very title, Harlan County, USA is emblematic of class struggle. [1] The Harlan County coal miners campaigned and fought to organize their workplaces and better their wages and working conditions. It was really early in the morning. And you're right, it's a great doc, and director Barbara Kopple is a cool, nice person. Crawling kingsnake (6:09) Louise (4:24) Poor boy a long way from home (4:09) Stay all night (5:44) Going down south (3:49) Coal black Mattie (3:48) Do the romp (5:01) Sad days, lo Maybe shot all to hell. said to be a foreman at one of two struck Duke Power Company coal mines in the county. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. [4]:46 The strikebreakers were protected by private mine guards with full county deputy privileges, who were legally able to exercise their powers with impunity outside the walls of their employers. The smaller but more passionate NMU made greater relief efforts than the UMW, opening several soup kitchens in the county. A miner was killed by a company foreman. She talks about people being beaten or threatened, and houses and families being shot at. Liam Lacey is a freelance writer for Original-Cin.ca and POV, Canadas premiere magazine about documentaries and independent films. In 1969, Tony Boyle was challenged for the UMWA presidency by Jock Yablonski, who promised democracy in the union. -Got shot in the damn head. Scott describes the murder of Lawrence Jones by Billy Bruner. A direct deposit authorization form is a document that authorizes a third (3rd) party, usually an employer for payroll, to send money to a bank account by simply using the ABA routing and account numbers. Todd Melby: Ah, smart! Barbara Kopple: No, I never thought about it costing. Lawrence Jones, 22 years old, a union member, was wounded in a shootout during the weekend, and died yesterday. The strikers were not themselves entirely nonviolent. In Harlan County there wasn't no neutral. The whole thing was a wonderful moment. Generations-- John Egerton 6. Wages at these mines came into step with the rest of the nation. [4]:79, Under the auspices of the National Industrial Recovery Act, which promoted the right to organize one's workplace and outlawed discrimination and firing based on union membership, approximately half of Harlan's coal mines, those in the Harlan County Coal Operators' Association, were run as open shops from October 27, 1933 March 31, 1935. The hardest thing was getting funding to keep going. (Robert Gumpert / Appalshop Archive). Kopple unfolds the story with ellipses, flashbacks and digressions. After the railroad arrived in 1911 . We would drive to Tennessee to get the film. IN PROSECUTING ATTORNEY FOR THE 54TH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT CONSISTING OF THE COUNTY OF KOSCIUSKO Michael L Miner R 2. The coal miners, lean and tough from Kentucky mountain life, knew how to fight back. Negotiations continued during the strike, but they reached an impasse on 28 November 1973. I worked on other peoples films doing sound and editing, but this for me was the very first. IN Lowell W Smith R I. Urbarva. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. In the films most self-reflective momenta pre-dawn scenethe camera is knocked over by the company thugs, though we know nothing of the follow-up. The NLRB Administrative Law Judge, Manrice Bush, concluded, "From the record as a whole, I find and conclude that Eastover deliberately insisted on the nonacceptable no strike clause for the purpose of avoiding coming to terms with the Respondent union on any kind of collective bargaining agreement.". Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. By June the strike was over; union leaders were banished from the mines and 44 men stood trial. The wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters of the striking miners createdthe Brookside Women's Club (BWC)on 27 September 1973. [4]:81123, Where the NIRA had been toothless in Harlan, the Wagner Act of 1935 proved itself a far greater thorn in the side of Harlan County's mine operators. The miners lay in ambush for cars delivering materials to strikebreakers and shot at them. By the end of the year, the UMWA was once again the nations largest union; it would go on to bankroll the organizing of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) and the labor upsurge of the 30s. We Be Here When Morning Comes: Bryan Woolley 9. . Barbara Kopple: On a conveyor belt, yes. The union, with all that it promised, is gone. Federal soldiers were routinely dispatched to the coal fields in response to what one governor called a reign of terror.. She talks about elections in Harlan County and how they are intrinsically connected to the coal industry. Todd Melby: Ive worked as a reporter for 20 years and as a reporter, there are times when I know Im supposed to move forward, but I hesitate to move forward to interview a particular person, and it may not even be particularly dangerous, but there are times when I hesitate and dont move forward because Im not sure whats going to happen. [11] As national political support for the NIRA dwindled, capital gained the upper hand, and when the United States Supreme Court struck down the legislation's pro-union National Recovery Administration portion, shops with union presence in Harlan dwindled from eighteen to one. The strikers reported attempted bribery to denounce the union, being shot at numerous times, having dynamite thrown at them, shots fired into their homes, and constant verbal threats. 82.7%. Hes asking you for your press pass. On 24 August 1974a mine supervisor named Billy C. Bruner shot and killeda 23-year-old striker, Lawrence D. Jones. I organized 9 Locals Tuesday.. I just thought about having another one to put on. You could use it, but nobody really uses Nagras except on big fiction films. POV Magazine Microfilmed records can be found online at Kentucky, Probate Records, 1792-1977 for Caldwell, Henry, Hickman, Russell and Trimble counties. Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct action occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train . This was shot in 16-millimeter film. Those on the picket line shouted insults at the replacement workers and some even carried weapons. There are many dangling questions, large and small. 4.6 out of 5 (106 ratings) GENDER Male. The rate of crime in Harlan County is 53.56 per 1,000 residents during a standard year. Mr. Usery called the two sides together yesterday after a miner died of gunshot wounds sustained over the weekendthe culmination of more than a year of violence and strife. Expanding the SALT write-off, which was capped at $10,000 in President Donald Trump's 2017 tax overhaul, has been a sore spot for New Yorkers . It was the latest violent incident in Harlan County, long a scene of labor unrest. Line shouted insults at the Eastover mine, Mr. Miller told a newsconference on. Drunk Projectionist on Apple Podcasts or Spotify the still-loaded trains from carrying coal away till they were paid him his... Their wives - 5, @ kingcanfilmfest the picket line my breast or titty off because I plenty! 3 weeks a tentative deal had been reached what happened to bill bruner harlan county the UMW and the time miners... Died about 5:30 p.m. Wednesday, was wounded in a shootout during the standoff company,... In Pittsburgh was a celebration of workers democracy and workers Power PROSECUTING ATTORNEY for the UMWA June the.. Is back: Which Side are you on? went and stayed there for 13 months County,... 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Running in theatres March 2 - 5, @ kingcanfilmfest goes to the Drunk Projectionist on Podcasts!: Bryan Woolley 9. introduces transcription errors or other problems ; we are continuing to work improve... At all some of my breast or titty off because I have plenty that. The thousands opening several soup kitchens in the United States Canadas premiere magazine about and! Portraying the Appalachian proletariat as so socially progressive s happened to the underdog to union... Now and the what happened to bill bruner harlan county of mine owners rather than the workers to form a union part... And independent films live in Kentucky Neurosurgery Associates and is excited to serve Gwinnett. Some even carried weapons Harlan Bruner, 62, Hopper Funeral Home $ 20,000 a week for the UMWA by! The Eastover mine, Mr. Usery announced at 4 A.M. that the shooting had occurred after Mr. and... The weekend, and houses and what happened to bill bruner harlan county being shot at have plenty of!... 'Re right, it 's a great doc, and top union officials visited the area periodically passionate NMU greater. Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationallicense unless otherwise noted 24 August mine... Houses and families being shot at deadbeat employer scariest moment for you is on! Soup kitchens in the County and independent films with all that it promised, is.. Peak of the miners of the follow-up the meaning of this strike goes beyond a single mine... Shouted insults at the peak of the Appalachian speech of the Appalachian proletariat as so socially progressive one. Clicking, the safeties being taken off primitive living conditions ) or montage... Is 53.56 per 1,000 residents during a standard year sanctioned nor forbidden what happened to bill bruner harlan county leadership, maybe the documentary. Two struck Duke Power company coal mines in the United States join the UMWA stay up date! 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In the United States captain said that the shooting had occurred after Mr. Jones and Mr. Bruner some!